Missouri’s African heritage began during the colonial period when the French brought black slaves to work the lead mines in the Mine La Motte area in 1719–1720. Over the next century and a half, thousands of displaced Africans found themselves within the borders of the territory and the state. Some lived as free people, while many others were enslaved to owners living in the countryside or in growing cities like St. Louis. When the Civil War brought an end to slavery in America and Missouri, African Americans still faced many hardships and challenges.

The State Historical Society of Missouri holds many resources that document and illustrate the lives of Missouri’s African Americans. By selecting each name, you can learn about African American men and women who overcame racial prejudice, economic and legal injustice, and lack of educational opportunities to make significant contributions to the history and culture of this state.